在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
（一）主语从句
1、 由that引起的主语从句
这是用的最广泛的主语从句，但真正放在句首的这类从句是比较少的，因为主语太长会显得头重脚轻。不过有时为了强调或谓语较长时也有这样安排的。
e.g. That she became an artist may have been due to her father’s influence.她成为一名艺术家也许是受她父亲的影响。
绝大多数包含主语从句的句子都借助先行词it作为形式上的主语，而把主语置于句末，例如：
It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.
很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。
It’s a pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事。
用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：
a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句
It is necessary that… 有必要……
It is important that… 重要的是……
It is obvious that… 很明显……
b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句
It is believed that… 人们相信……
It is known to all that… 众所周知……
It has been decided that… 已决定……
c. It + be +名词+ that-从句
It is common knowledge that… ……是常识
It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是……
It is a fact that… 事实是……
d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句
It appears that… 似乎……
It happens that… 碰巧……
It occurred to me that… 我突然想起……
2、由连接代词、连接副词或由连词whether引起的主语从句
Who is to head the delegation hasn’t been made public.谁来领到这个代表团还没有宣布。
When we arrive doesn’t matter.什么时候到没有关系。
Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 这一计划是否可行还有等证实。
3、由关系代词型what引起的主语从句
What he said was perfectly true.他讲的都是事实。
What you have to do is to choose a company to invest in.你需要做的是选一家公司投资。
Whatever，whoever，whichever都可引起主语从句
Whatever she says goes.一切她说了算。
Whoever comes will be welcome.谁来都欢迎。
Whichever you want is yours.你要哪一个，哪一个就是你的。
例题解析：
P41/ 10．______ is more important is not to lose the business, even though this price will leave us no profit at all.
A. such B. It C. That D. What
翻译：更加重要的是不失去这笔生意，即使该价格将使我们无利可图。
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